Overview

It spreads easily in case of viral or bacterial infection, especially in schools, workplaces, and crowded areas. Symptoms typically resolve in 7–10 days, but proper hygiene is essential.

Causes

• Viral infections (adenovirus – most common)
• Bacterial infections (Staph, Strep)
• Allergens (dust, pollen)
• Irritants (smoke, chemicals)

Symptoms

• Redness and watering
• Itching or burning
• Discharge (clear or pus-like)
• Eyelids stuck together in morning
• Sensitivity to light

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Clinical exam, eye swab (if needed)
• Treatment:
  • Viral: Cool compress, lubricants (self-limited)
  • Bacterial: Antibiotic eye drops (e.g., moxifloxacin, chloramphenicol)
  • Allergic: Antihistamine drops (olopatadine), cold compress

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Triphala eyewash, Anjana karma, Chandanadi taila
• Siddha: Herbal eye drops with Thoothuvalai, Manathakkali
• Unani: Arq Gulab, Kohl-e-Surkh for cooling
• TCM: Chrysanthemum flower tea, cooling compresses
• Homeopathy: Euphrasia, Belladonna, Aconite
• Nutraceuticals: Vitamin A, Lutein, Omega-3

Caution

• Highly contagious – avoid touching/rubbing eyes
• Don’t share towels or cosmetics
• Avoid using steroid drops without doctor advice

Prevention

• Wash hands frequently
• Use personal eye products
• Avoid swimming in dirty water