Overview

Unlike UC, Crohn’s affects all layers of the bowel wall and can lead to strictures, fistulas, and malnutrition.

Causes

• Immune dysregulation
• Genetics (NOD2 gene)
• Gut flora imbalance
• Smoking and environmental triggers

Symptoms

• Abdominal pain, diarrhea
• Weight loss, fatigue
• Anemia, mouth ulcers
• Bowel obstruction signs
• Perianal fistulas

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Colonoscopy, MRI Enterography, CRP, stool calprotectin
• Treatment:
  • Corticosteroids for flares
  • Immunosuppressants (Azathioprine)
  • Biologics (Anti-TNF agents)
  • Surgery (for strictures/fistulas)

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Trikatu, Musta, Pomegranate rind; Panchakarma detox
• Siddha: Gut-healing oils and anti-inflammatory herbal mixtures
• Unani: Strengthening digestive tonics
• TCM: Sijunzi Tang for spleen deficiency; acupuncture
• Homeopathy: Arsenicum album, Phosphorus
• Nutraceuticals: Zinc, Vitamin D, Fish oil, Curcumin

Caution

• Malabsorption may cause nutritional deficiencies
• Monitor for flare triggers and complications

Prevention

• Anti-inflammatory, gluten-free, or elemental diets
• Avoid smoking and NSAIDs