Overview

Most hydroceles in infants resolve on their own. In adults, it may result from injury, infection, or inflammation of the testis or epididymis.

Causes

• Congenital (patent processus vaginalis)
• Injury or trauma
• Infections (especially filariasis in tropical regions)
• Testicular tumors (rarely)

Symptoms

• Scrotal swelling (usually painless)
• Heaviness or discomfort in the scrotum
• Fluctuation in size throughout the day
• Transillumination (light passes through fluid)

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Physical exam, ultrasound
• Treatment:
  • Observation in infants (usually resolves by 1 year)
  • Surgery (hydrocelectomy) if large or persistent
  • Treat underlying infection if present

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Gokshura, Punarnava, Kanchanar Guggulu
• Siddha: Neer mulli, Sirukanpeelai
• Unani: Habbe Muqil, Majoon-e-Suranjan
• TCM: Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao (for damp accumulation)
• Homeopathy: Rhododendron, Berberis, Conium
• Nutraceuticals: Bromelain (anti-inflammatory), Zinc

Caution

• Sudden swelling with pain could indicate testicular torsion—a medical emergency
• Always rule out underlying infection or hernia

Prevention

• Avoid scrotal trauma
• Treat infections early
• Wear supportive undergarments