Overview

Early detection saves lives. Melanoma, though less common, is responsible for most deaths. Risk increases with fair skin, sun exposure, and family history.

Causes

• Prolonged sun or tanning bed exposure
• Genetic predisposition
• Previous radiation therapy
• Immunosuppression

Symptoms

• New or changing mole (ABCDE signs)
• Non-healing ulcer
• Red, scaly patch
• Dome-shaped growth with blood vessels
• Itchy, bleeding skin lesions

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Dermoscopy, skin biopsy
• Treatment:
  • Surgical excision (first-line)
  • Mohs surgery for facial lesions
  • Radiotherapy or topical chemotherapy (5-FU)
  • Immunotherapy for advanced melanoma

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Neem, Turmeric, Kanchanar Guggulu for abnormal growth
• Siddha: Parpam formulations and detoxifying herbs
• Unani: Tumor inhibitors (Qurs Kushta, Majoon)
• TCM: Oldenlandia diffusa, Scutellaria baicalensis
• Homeopathy: Thuja, Carcinosin, Arsenicum album (supportive)
• Nutraceuticals: Vitamin D, Selenium, Green tea extract, Lycopene

Caution

• Melanoma spreads fast — act early
• Don’t ignore new or changing skin spots

Prevention

• Use sunscreen (SPF 30+)
• Avoid sun exposure 10 AM–4 PM
• Wear protective clothing and hats
• Annual skin check for high-risk people